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In July 2017, with complete completion prices estimated at $25 billion, development at V.C. Summer season was terminated about 40% completed. The blame was placed on incompetence, manufacturing errors, and unlicensed staff taking over duties they didn’t have the coaching for. South Carolina utility clients will however be paying further on their electrical payments for a few years to cowl a part of the price of this fiasco.
Over the previous eight years, Georgia Energy Co., a subsidiary of Southern Firm with the biggest stake within the Vogtle mission, has repeatedly prolonged the promised startup date of its two new reactors as myriad troubles have stood in the way in which of their completion. This has included comparable issues as at Summer season, together with shoddy work that needed to be redone. After three many years and not using a new U.S. reactor being constructed, abilities and provide chains had nearly vanished by the point floor was damaged.
The hubris behind the thought {that a} mission that’s by no means been constructed beforehand will go easily just isn’t a brand new affliction in any subject. However it was notably outstanding with the AP1000 designers. When it grew to become painfully apparent that the contractors weren’t competent to do the job at Vogtle, Westinghouse itself took over development. However it was a designer, not a builder, and neither it nor anyone else had constructed an AP1000 or its smaller predecessor anyplace. Burgeoning prices despatched Westinghouse out of business in July 2017, additional complicating the mission.
All these issues piled on the delays and, in fact, the associated fee overruns yr after yr. Paperwork filed on the State of Georgia Public Service Fee present the prices to construct Items 2 and 3 have now risen to the aforementioned $35.7 billion, though Southern Firm has put the determine at a fuzzier “greater than $30 billion.” Whichever is the case, when the 2 new reactors do swap on, along with the 2 getting older Vogtle reactors they’ll represent the biggest and most costly nuclear plant ever constructed. Not simply within the U.S., however on this planet.
It needs to be famous that when the primary two Vogtle reactors have been accepted within the mid-Nineteen Eighties, the wanted capital funding was estimated at $660 million. By the point the reactors have been accomplished, that had jumped to $8.89 billion ($23 billion in 2023 {dollars}).
As in South Carolina, ratepayers in Georgia should pay a good portion of those prices. In an opinion piece earlier this month, David Kyler, the director of the Georgia-based Heart for a Sustainable Coast, wrote:
Because of the [Public Service Commission] and the Normal Meeting, these efficiency failures have price residential ratepayers dearly. With the PSC’s approval, projected common month-to-month invoice will increase soared from $5 to an estimated $17.20, solely as a result of Vogtle enlargement, in response to paperwork filed with the PSC. By the point unit 4 is operational, that determine might rise to $20 a month or extra, not less than a $240 annual enhance for the typical buyer.
Furthermore, in 2011 Georgians started paying for Plant Vogtle when the Normal Meeting handed the Development Work in Progress Act, the premise for Georgia Energy accumulating a nuclear tax on each residential Georgia Energy invoice, lengthy earlier than the brand new models could be working. Together with earnings accepted by the PSC on price overruns, that tax has aided Georgia Energy in amassing some $9.4 billion in earnings to this point, rewarding them for being years delayed and not less than $20 billion over funds. …
Since 2011, each month, on each invoice, clients have paid this nuclear tax, totaling over $1,000 for every Georgia family. Certainly that’s not within the public curiosity.
Regardless of questions of safety—radioactive waste, embrittlement of metal in reactor containment vessels, potential for terrorist assault—nuclear energy has clear benefits. At present, it gives extra emissions-free electrical energy than some other single supply, although photo voltaic and wind are catching up. And a few advocates say the U.S. can not obtain zero emissions from energy vegetation with out not less than some new nukes.
The main candidate for these new machines is small modular reactors—every with 50-350 megawatts of capability. Advocates view these as an enchancment over the mega-expensive gigawatt giants that make up many of the world’s 440 current nuclear energy reactors. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Fee not too long ago issued a ultimate rule certifying the NuScale firm’s SMR design.
With its Carbon Free Energy Mission, NuScale, owned by the Fluor Company, has plans to finish six 77-megawatt reactor modules on the Division of Power’s Idaho Nationwide Laboratory by 2030, a change from the unique 2026 startup date. In the meantime, GE-Hitachi says it can full an SMR in Ontario, Canada, by 2028. Regardless of how significantly better these designs could also be, the goal dates appear extremely optimistic for constructing one thing that’s by no means been constructed. And the estimated price of NuScale’s plan has already swollen from $3 billion to $6.1 billion.
Critics say SMRs usually are not economically sound and that photo voltaic and wind farms not solely may be put in a lot sooner, additionally they are cheaper. GE-Hitachi asserts that it may construct its SMR at a value of about $60 per megawatt-hour. However utility-scale photo voltaic mixed with storage now pencils in at $45/MWh, wind energy runs $30/MWh, and stand-alone utility-scale photo voltaic at $32/MWh, in response to the Institute for Power Economics and Monetary Evaluation.
Nuclear has supplied 20% of U.S. electrical energy for the reason that Nineties, about half the nation’s clear power, and far that can proceed for not less than a few many years. The Biden administration is offering billions to maintain current reactors on-line and to analysis new nukes. However given the Georgia and South Carolina expertise, nuclear advocates are prone to discover it a lot tougher to get utilities, bankers, buyers, and ratepayers fascinated about funding them.
WEEKLY GREEN VIDEO
GREEN BRIEFS
World should keep away from a ‘Doom Loop,’ British think-tank IPPR Warns
The Institute for Public Coverage Analysis and Chatham Home have issued a brand new report: “1.5°C—useless or alive? The dangers to transformational change from reaching and breaching the Paris Settlement purpose.” The report states:
The historic failure to sufficiently deal with the local weather and ecological disaster might create penalties that problem the flexibility of societies to deal with the basis causes of this disaster.
It is a doom loop: the implications of the disaster and the failure to handle it draw focus and assets from tackling its causes. We describe this as a ‘strategic danger’ to our collective capacity to understand a change of societies that finally avoids catastrophic local weather and ecological change.
This harmful dynamic extends to how prospects for tackling the local weather and ecological disaster are framed. We discover a key instance: the rising debate over whether or not it’s now inevitable that world heating will breach the internationally agreed purpose of 1.5°C.
The Guardian studies that specialists who argue that holding the worldwide temperature rise to 1.5 levels Celsius (2.7 levels Fahrenheit) continues to be doable danger feeding complacency that at present’s sluggish tempo of motion is ample to the duty, in response to the researchers. Alternatively, these arguing it’s out of attain danger spurring a way that little that may be completed, or that solely “excessive approaches” equivalent to geoengineering can work.
Steve Hanley at CleanTechnica notes that the report accommodates an “particularly troubling” chart displaying how deep greenhouse emissions have to be lower to to constrain temperature rise to considered one of three ranges: 1.5 levels Celsius (2.7 Fahrenheit), 1.7C (3.0F), or 2.0C (3.6F). He writes, “Have a look for your self. It’s fairly self-explanatory. Whereas the necessity for steep cuts is rising, the quantity of carbon emissions is accelerating.”
Republican Leaders Need to Reinvent the Celebration’s Local weather Picture. The Far Proper Received’t Let Them
Kristopher Tigue at Inside Local weather Information studies {that a} gang of Republican extremists are decided to forestall their get together from discovering frequent floor on local weather coverage, one thing surveys present may very well be problematic on Election Day.
One such ballot was performed in December by the Yale Program on Local weather Change Communication. Amongst different issues, the surveyors discovered 70% of People consider world warming is going on; 67% say the difficulty is “extraordinarily,” “very,” or “considerably” necessary to them personally; 63% say they really feel a private accountability to assist cut back world warming; and 61% disagree with the assertion “it’s already too late to do something about world warming,” whereas solely 14% agree.
One other December ballot was performed by George Mason College. It discovered 79% of People help putting renewable power initiatives on public land; 78% help federal funding to make residential buildings in low-income communities extra power environment friendly; and 76% help tax incentives or rebates to householders, landlords, and companies to purchase home equipment that may be powered with out burning fossil fuels (equivalent to warmth pumps, electrical water heaters, induction cooktops).
In all these instances and others that the 2 polls explored, giant percentages of surveyed Republicans are included within the general majorities.
However Republicans in Congress are one other matter. The fossil gasoline business’s marionettes within the GOP have completed their greatest over time to make their string-pullers blissful by parroting the local weather science denial disinformation campaigns funded by ExxonMobil, Koch Industries, and different purveyors of lies and smears. Immediately there are 149 Republicans within the Senate and Home who’ve rejected what local weather scientists are telling us. Many have moderated their “it’s a hoax” model of denial, which has develop into more and more tough to keep up with a straight face even for them.
There are, nevertheless, some holdouts. And they’re inflicting complications for outstanding get together members who’re making an attempt to develop coherent local weather insurance policies as a counterpoint to these of the Democrats they’ve voted towards up to now. Right here’s Tigue:
… as Republican leaders try to revamp the get together’s local weather picture, they’re working headlong into resistance from a small however vocal group of far-right lawmakers who’re touting excessive views of worldwide warming and making it far harder for the GOP to determine a unified platform.
In reality, Colorado Rep. Lauren Boebert will assist to kick off the Heartland Institute’s fifteenth annual local weather change convention this week, the place the occasion’s prevailing message is that “there isn’t a local weather disaster.”
Longtime science rejector Sen. Ron Johnson of Wisconsin can also be a featured speaker.
The 39-year-old Heartland Institute has a lifelong historical past of spreading denialist manure about local weather. It labels laws to cope with local weather as “boondoggles.” Although a few of its donors have stopped sending money, there’s nonetheless a lot coming in for the institute to remain on its barely modified mission, which, as a substitute of claiming local weather change isn’t occurring now simply seeks to steer individuals it’s no huge deal.
Having the likes of Boebert serving on the Home Committee on Pure Sources could be dangerous sufficient. However many of the committee’s Republicans are proof against doing something efficient to cope with local weather. Identical goes for the Home Power Committee. Republicans who wish to do not less than one thing on local weather are going to have a tough go of it.
Edward Maibach, director of Heart for Local weather Change Communication, informed Tigue in an e-mail interview: “They should look past the hostile members of their very own caucus and look to their voters. Our polls present that Republicans who’re prepared to face tall for local weather motion may have a greater likelihood of profitable of their basic election as a result of giant majorities of voters favor local weather motion.”
GREEN RESOURCES & ACTION
- Local weather Creators to Watch in 2023. A collaborative mission of Pique Motion & Harvard Chan C-CHANGE. This second annual listing acknowledges 17 content material creators who’re producing unique, entertaining, and academic content material that’s reshaping the local weather narrative, combating misinformation, and empowering individuals to take local weather motion. Since 2022, Pique has launched greater than 300 movies in addition to 40 microdocumentaries on local weather innovators by way of its sequence NextNow. The Heart for Local weather, Well being, and the World Atmosphere at Harvard T.H. Chan College of Public Well being delivers cutting-edge analysis and informs local weather actions to guard essentially the most weak populations like youngsters, seniors, and environmental justice communities from the impacts of local weather change. The middle publishes The Local weather Optimist, a month-to-month publication sharing tales of local weather hope and motion.
- 2023 World Power Developments: Disaster, Contingencies, & Local weather Change. Hear in to CleanTechnica’s most up-to-date webinar, throughout which 2023 world power tendencies have been demystified by the specialists. World leaders gathered at COP26 final yr to set targets for decarbonizing the worldwide financial system and set the desk for the power transition. What are specialists within the business saying about this transition within the coming yr?
- Yale e360’s fast evaluation of recent and up to date books about local weather and environmental justice, by Michael Svoboda.
In observance of Black Historical past Month, Yale Local weather Connections is following up its January bookshelf on local weather advocacy with a collection of new titles on local weather and environmental justice. Collectively, these books make the case that local weather motion can solely win widespread and sturdy help whether it is simply. Inequities of the previous and the current have to be addressed by insurance policies and packages provided for a sustainable future. This month’s listing begins with the nonprofit Inexperienced 2.0’s annual report on illustration in environmental nongovernmental organizations and foundations, then turns to 2 deeply private books by Black environmental activists.
ECOPINION
The shoreline is in danger from rising seas, and we’re making extra of it. By Doug Johnson at Ars Technica. “Annually, people add somewhat extra land to their coastlines, slowly however absolutely encroaching on the ocean and filling up smaller coastal our bodies of water with new developments. This encroachment sometimes comes as luxurious waterfronts are added and ports prolonged farther out to sea. In all, since 2000, coastlines world wide—particularly in city areas—grew a whopping 2,530 sq. kilometers [977 square miles], in response to a new paper. A press launch in regards to the analysis notes that that is round 40 Manhattans, whereas the paper itself factors out that that is roughly the dimensions of Luxembourg. The paper—which claims to be the “first world evaluation of coastal land reclamation”—checked out how human growth constructed land in, or stuffed elements of, coastal zones. This consists of wetlands, which play varied necessary roles like slowing erosion, defending areas additional inland from flooding and sea stage rise, and appearing as habitats for myriad species.”
’Black Lady Environmentalist’ rejects local weather ‘doomism.’ By Ayurella Horn-Muller at Axios. “Local weather ‘doomism’—fatalistic messaging that nothing may be completed to reverse local weather change on a worldwide scale is straightforward to search out on retailers like TikTok, the place the baseless argument has gone viral in recent times. Why it issues: Organizations like Black Lady Environmentalist are difficult the disinformation that feeds the argument, which they are saying can result in a lack of energy for the communities bearing the brunt of local weather impacts. The backstory: In 2021, Wanjiku “Wawa” Gatheru based Black Lady Environmentalist (BGE), which seeks to empower Black women, ladies and non-binary peoples in local weather motion by facilitating elevated illustration inside environmental disciplines.”
The FDA wants to begin defending us from obesity-promoting meals chemical compounds. New report finds the U.S. Meals and Drug Administration just isn’t testing meals, components, or packaging for chemical compounds that trigger weight problems or disrupt our metabolism. By Jerrold J. Heindel at Environmental Well being Information. “The Western weight loss program is a triple menace for inflicting weight problems: the weight loss program itself, the components used within the meals processing and the chemical compounds used within the meals packaging are all culprits, in response to a new report from the Heart for Science within the Public Curiosity. The middle is a science-based client advocacy group that research vitamin and well being, so the concentrate on vitamin’s position in weight problems is no surprise. What’s shocking is a report on the position of environmental chemical compounds, obesogens, in inflicting weight problems. Obesogen science proposes that people are uncovered to chemical compounds (obesogens) that stimulate the formation of fats cells and fats disposition, disrupt metabolism and power, and regulate urge for food and weight achieve, which leads to weight problems. The brand new report examined how a lot proof helps the obesogen speculation, and the way researchers, well being advocates and authorities ought to reply. It discovered the U.S. Meals and Drug Administration is failing us.”
East Palestine catastrophe exhibits how America’s railroad system is dangerously damaged. By Andy Rowell at Oil Change Worldwide. “For years communities and railroad unions on the frontline of America’s creaking railroad community have warned of a ‘ticking time bomb’ on the railroads. They’ve repeatedly referred to as for security enhancements due to derailment after derailment of poisonous chemical compounds and crude oil. Their voices have been silenced within the pursuit of revenue as prices are lower and rules ripped up. Three weeks in the past, a kind of derailments on a Norfolk Southern practice brought on a catastrophic environmental catastrophe in Ohio. The firm and authorities’ response has led to deep criticism: ‘We principally nuked a city with chemical compounds so we might get a railroad open,’ stated Sil Caggiano, a hazardous supplies specialist. Long-term well being impacts of publicity to those chemical compounds for the area people and staff are unknown, particularly the synergetic impact of the completely different chemical compounds.”
The Case for Nationalizing the Railroads. Employees say now could be the time to do the not possible. By Kari Lydersen at In These Instances. “The United Electrical, Radio and Machine Employees of America (UE) not too long ago additionally issued a strident name for public possession of railroads to guard the financial system, staff, frontline communities and the setting. ‘We demand that Congress instantly start a technique of bringing our nation’s railroads underneath public possession,’ reads the assertion from the UE basic govt board. The union, which represents electrical staff and different sectors, argues that the foremost railroad firms—like electrical utilities—are ’pure monopolies,’ and have an ’infinite thirst for revenue.’ The union argues that nationalization is critical each to guard staff and to battle local weather change and railroad-related air pollution that disproportionately impacts communities of coloration and low-income communities. The assertion notes that in 2021, UE launched a Inexperienced Locomotive Mission to advertise zero-emissions electrical locomotives in rail yards and cleaner diesel locomotives on the tracks. ’Though the laws our allies launched in Congress would have supplied beneficiant monetary incentives for the railroads to undertake this inexperienced expertise, they opposed us each step of the way in which,’ the assertion learn.”
What Europe confirmed the world about renewable power. It’s doable to do onerous issues for the local weather—and the U.S. isn’t that far behind. By Rebecca Leber at Vox. “Earlier than the Russia-Ukraine battle, 40% of pure fuel and 27% of oil imports to Europe got here from Russia, and Europe lacked pipelines and terminals in places that would distribute fuel from different elements of the world just like the U.S. After sanctions on Russian oil and fuel, instability led to excessive worth shocks, gasoline shortages, and a quick uptick in coal utilization this winter, it was onerous to think about that renewables in Europe might overtake oil and fuel as a supply of electrical energy. However they did. The concern had been that the EU would fill the hole left by Russian sanctions with coal, essentially the most polluting fossil gasoline. And whereas coal did briefly make a comeback—fossil gasoline technology rose final yr by 3%—it was a brief enhance. Furthermore, photo voltaic power particularly is on an “unstoppable” monitor of progress, defined Dave Jones, an analyst on the world power assume tank Ember. Photo voltaic capability in Europe doubled since 2018, and is on monitor to triple within the subsequent 4 years.”
ECO-QUOTE
“Lead pipes do exist in high-income communities, however in high-income communities they’ve the revenue to repair it, which signifies that whether or not it will get mounted or not could be a operate of how a lot cash you’ve got, And that’s not proper.”—Vice President Kamala Harris
HALF A DOZEN OTHER THINGS TO READ (OR LISTEN TO)
On his Volts substack podcast, David Roberts has a dialog with Brian Deese, President Joe Biden’s prime financial adviser and director of the Nationwide Financial Council. He writes: “In April of final yr, Deese delivered some ‘remarks on a contemporary American industrial technique’ that laid out a vigorous method to investing in financial sectors deemed necessary to nationwide and financial safety. And by all accounts Deese performed a pivotal position in seeing the technique into legislation, by way of the Infrastructure Funding and Jobs Act (IIJA), the CHIPS and Science Act, and the Inflation Discount Act, which collectively quantity to the best reinvestment in U.S. infrastructure and manufacturing—and, particularly, clear power industries—in generations. The pivot to unapologetic industrial coverage is a giant change for Democrats. Deese has moved in these circles for a very long time—10 years in the past he was a younger wunderkind adviser to Obama, making The New Republic’s listing of ‘Washington’s strongest, least well-known individuals’—in order he ready to depart the administration, Roberts was keen to speak with him about what the shift to industrial coverage means, why the U.S. must onshore key provide chains, and the work forward for Democrats in implementing their new legal guidelines.”
Hope Amid Local weather Chaos: A Dialog with Rebecca Solnit. By Stella Levantesi at DeSmog. “After we discuss any motion, together with the push for local weather motion, we’re speaking a couple of ‘zeitgeist, a change within the air,’ author, historian, and activist Rebecca Solnit writes in her essay-turned-book Hope within the Darkish, which focuses on the intersection of activism, social change, and hope. It’s this final factor, hope, that may develop into ‘an electrifying drive within the current,’ the 61-year-old Solnit writes, ‘a way that there would possibly be a door in some unspecified time in the future, a way out of the issues of the current second even earlier than it’s discovered or adopted.’ As activists and others work towards this door, they achieve this with the assumption that there’s nonetheless time to behave and that the local weather is value preventing for. These identical convictions are on the core of Solnit’s and storyteller Thelma Younger Lutunatabua’s most up-to-date mission, Not Too Late, which affords views, assets, and ‘good paths ahead’ for individuals who care in regards to the local weather. The pair are additionally reworking the mission right into a e-book, coming April 2023, with contributions by activists, authors, specialists, journalists, and others from across the globe.”
Each Coastal Dwelling Is Now a Stick of Dynamite. Rich householders will escape flooding. The center class can’t. By Jack Bittle at The Atlantic. “You’ll be able to think about every of the houses in [Norfolk, Virginia’s] Larchmont [neighborhood]—and elsewhere alongside the coast—as a stick of dynamite with a really lengthy fuse. When people started to heat the Earth, we lit the fuse. Ever since then, a sequence of individuals have tossed the dynamite amongst them, every proprietor holding the stick for some time earlier than passing the chance on to the following. Every of those homeowners is aware of that in some unspecified time in the future, the dynamite goes to blow up, however they will additionally see that there’s plenty of fuse left. Because the fuse retains burning, every new proprietor has a tougher time discovering somebody to take the stick off their fingers. … In the meantime, the lowest-lying elements of Norfolk are roughly 5 to 10 ft above sea stage, and local weather scientists consider that sea ranges within the metropolis might rise by as a lot as two ft earlier than 2050. What number of extra occasions will the dynamite change fingers earlier than it blows up?”
The Low-cost, Highly effective Local weather Repair Power Corporations Are Ignoring. By Aaron Clark at Bloomberg Inexperienced. “Fossil gasoline firms emitted greater than 120 million metric tons of methane in 2022, simply wanting a file set in 2019. Whereas very giant leaks detected by satellite tv for pc fell by 10%, world oil and fuel operations nonetheless emitted the equal of the huge Nord Stream launch on common day-after-day, in response to the IEA’s Methane Tracker. Most of that could be a results of what’s referred to as ‘non-emergency’ releases that embody flaring and is avoidable. Power firms nonetheless routinely launch pure fuel, which is primarily composed of methane, throughout common upkeep or combust it by way of a flare. However new and current fuel restoration applied sciences can vacuum up many deliberate emissions earlier than they’ve an opportunity to enter the environment, rendering the necessity for many releases out of date. ‘Stopping all non-emergency flaring and venting is the one most impactful measure nations can take to cut back methane emissions from oil and fuel operations,’ the IEA stated in its annual report launched Tuesday.”
Farmworkers Lastly Received Additional time Pay. Now the Trade Desires to Repeal It. By Gray Moran at Civil Eats. “Together with home staff, farmworkers have been exempted from additional time pay necessities underneath the New Deal’s Truthful Labor Normal Act of 1938 to make sure Southern Democrats supported it. The exclusion was completed to maintain the Black individuals from additional time protection with out with out saying so immediately. ‘It’s onerous to come back by a extra easy instance of systemic racism, and we should not press ahead with this. It’s time to completely eradicate it,’ stated Andrea Schmitt, an legal professional with Columbia Authorized Providers. Because of activists’ efforts, 5 states—California, Colorado, New York, Oregon, and Washington—have handed legal guidelines to incorporate farmworkers in additional time pay, and at the moment are at varied levels of implementing them. The Biden administration favors an finish to the 80-year-old federal exemption. However the agriculture business is working to repeal the Washington legislation, the nation’s strongest for farmworkers, and the remainder of these state legal guidelines, arguing that paying additional time will financially crush homeowners who’re already underneath strain from excessive climate because of local weather change, rising prices of fertilizer and gasoline, in addition to rising price of farmland that’s partly a results of exterior buyers.”
Properties in flood zones are overvalued by billions, examine finds. Jesse D. Gourevitch led a crew of researchers within the examine printed within the peer-reviewed Nature Local weather Change. “‘Unpriced local weather danger and the potential penalties of overvaluation in U.S. housing markets’ discovered that climate change impacts threaten the soundness of the U.S. housing market. In response to rising considerations that rising prices of flooding usually are not absolutely captured in property values, the crew quantified the magnitude of unpriced flood danger within the housing market by evaluating the empirical and economically environment friendly costs for properties in danger. They found that residential properties uncovered to flood danger are overvalued by $121–$237 billion, relying on the low cost charge. On the whole, extremely overvalued properties are concentrated in counties alongside the coast with no flood danger disclosure legal guidelines and the place there’s much less concern about local weather change. Low-income households are at higher danger of shedding dwelling fairness from worth deflation, the authors write. Penalties of those monetary dangers will depend upon coverage decisions that decide who can be most burdened by the prices of the local weather disaster. Among the many potential dangers: ‘If housing markets have been to completely capitalize publicity to flood danger, the corresponding worth deflation might negatively impression the revenues of native governments that depend upon property taxes. Throughout america, many municipalities are closely reliant on property taxes for income, with some locales receiving over 50% of complete income from property taxes.’”
GREEN LINKS
Jimmy Carter, the president who tried to save lots of the planet • Why it’s so onerous to construct new electrical transmission traces within the U.S. • The scrumptious, divisive, and surprisingly political world of up to date dwelling canning • Plastic Particles Are Filling the Skies • IRS releases steerage on low-income photo voltaic tax credit score booster • Massive examine finds that air air pollution speeds bone loss from osteoporosis • Botswana has seen an enormous spike in rhinoceros poaching over the previous 5 years • Jackson, Mississippi’s Water System Is Damaged by Design • There’s No Such Factor as ‘Humane Slaughter’ of Livestock—Federal Data Show It • EPA undoes Trump-era energy plant rollback
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